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A properly designed database provides you with access to up-to-date, accurate information. Because a correct design is essential to achieving your goals in working with a database, investing the time required to learn the principles of good design makes sense. In the end, you are much more likely to end up with a database that meets your needs and can easily accommodate change.
This article provides guidelines for planning a desktop database. You will learn how to decide what information you need, how to divide that information into the appropriate tables and columns, and how those tables relate to each other. You should read this article before you create your first desktop database.
Important: Access provides design experiences that let you create database applications for the Web. Many design considerations are different when you design for the Web. This article doesn’t discuss Web database application design. For more information, see the article Build a database to share on the Web.
Some database terms to know. What is good database design? The design process. Determining the purpose of your database. Finding and organizing the required information. Dividing the information into tables. Turning information items into columns.
Specifying primary keys. Creating the table relationships. Refining the design. Applying the normalization rules. In a simple database, you might have only one table. For most databases you will need more than one.
For example, you might have a table that stores information about products, another table that stores information about orders, and another table with information about customers. Each row is more correctly called a record , and each column, a field.
A record is a meaningful and consistent way to combine information about something. A field is a single item of information — an item type that appears in every record. In the Products table, for instance, each row or record would hold information about one product. Each column or field holds some type of information about that product, such as its name or price. Certain principles guide the database design process. The first principle is that duplicate information also called redundant data is bad, because it wastes space and increases the likelihood of errors and inconsistencies.
The second principle is that the correctness and completeness of information is important. If your database contains incorrect information, any reports that pull information from the database will also contain incorrect information. As a result, any decisions you make that are based on those reports will then be misinformed.
Provides Access with the information it requires to join the information in the tables together as needed. Gather all of the types of information you might want to record in the database, such as product name and order number. Divide your information items into major entities or subjects, such as Products or Orders.
Each subject then becomes a table. Decide what information you want to store in each table. Each item becomes a field, and is displayed as a column in the table. The primary key is a column that is used to uniquely identify each row. Look at each table and decide how the data in one table is related to the data in other tables. Add fields to tables or create new tables to clarify the relationships, as necessary. Analyze your design for errors.
Create the tables and add a few records of sample data. See if you can get the results you want from your tables. Make adjustments to the design, as needed. Apply the data normalization rules to see if your tables are structured correctly. Make adjustments to the tables, as needed. It is a good idea to write down the purpose of the database on paper — its purpose, how you expect to use it, and who will use it.
For a small database for a home based business, for example, you might write something simple like “The customer database keeps a list of customer information for the purpose of producing mailings and reports.
The idea is to have a well developed mission statement that can be referred to throughout the design process. Having such a statement helps you focus on your goals when you make decisions. To find and organize the information required, start with your existing information. For example, you might record purchase orders in a ledger or keep customer information on paper forms in a file cabinet.
Gather those documents and list each type of information shown for example, each box that you fill in on a form. If you don’t have any existing forms, imagine instead that you have to design a form to record the customer information. What information would you put on the form?
What fill-in boxes would you create? Identify and list each of these items. For example, suppose you currently keep the customer list on index cards. Examining these cards might show that each card holds a customers name, address, city, state, postal code and telephone number.
Each of these items represents a potential column in a table. Instead, list each item that comes to mind. If someone else will be using the database, ask for their ideas, too. You can fine-tune the list later. Next, consider the types of reports or mailings you might want to produce from the database. For instance, you might want a product sales report to show sales by region, or an inventory summary report that shows product inventory levels.
You might also want to generate form letters to send to customers that announces a sale event or offers a premium. Design the report in your mind, and imagine what it would look like.
What information would you place on the report? List each item. Do the same for the form letter and for any other report you anticipate creating. Giving thought to the reports and mailings you might want to create helps you identify items you will need in your database.
For example, suppose you give customers the opportunity to opt in to or out of periodic e-mail updates, and you want to print a listing of those who have opted in. For each customer, you can set the field to Yes or No.
The requirement to send e-mail messages to customers suggests another item to record. Once you know that a customer wants to receive e-mail messages, you will also need to know the e-mail address to which to send them. Therefore you need to record an e-mail address for each customer. It makes good sense to construct a prototype of each report or output listing and consider what items you will need to produce the report.
For instance, when you examine a form letter, a few things might come to mind. If you want to include a proper salutation — for example, the “Mr.
This suggests you would typically want to store the last name separate from the first name. A key point to remember is that you should break each piece of information into its smallest useful parts. In the case of a name, to make the last name readily available, you will break the name into two parts — First Name and Last Name. To sort a report by last name, for example, it helps to have the customer’s last name stored separately. In general, if you want to sort, search, calculate, or report based on an item of information, you should put that item in its own field.
Think about the questions you might want the database to answer. For instance, how many sales of your featured product did you close last month? Where do your best customers live? Who is the supplier for your best-selling product? Anticipating these questions helps you zero in on additional items to record. To divide the information into tables, choose the major entities, or subjects.
For example, after finding and organizing information for a product sales database, the preliminary list might look like this:. The major entities shown here are the products, the suppliers, the customers, and the orders. Therefore, it makes sense to start out with these four tables: one for facts about products, one for facts about suppliers, one for facts about customers, and one for facts about orders.
You can continue to refine this list until you have a design that works well. When you first review the preliminary list of items, you might be tempted to place them all in a single table, instead of the four shown in the preceding illustration. You will learn here why that is a bad idea.
– Microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free
Microsoft Access is a database management system DBMS from Microsoft that combines the relational Access Database Engine ACE with a graphical user interface and software-development tools not to be confused with the old Microsoft Access which was a telecommunication program provided terminal emulation and interfaces for ease of use in accessing online services such as Dow Jones , Compuserve and electronic mailbox back during s [2] [3].
It is a member of the Microsoft suite of applications, included in the Professional and higher editions or sold separately. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other applications and databases. Software developers , data architects and power users can use Microsoft Access to develop application software. Visual objects used in forms and reports expose their methods and properties in the VBA programming environment, and VBA code modules may declare and call Windows operating system operations.
Microsoft Access was the first mass-market database program for Windows. With Microsoft’s purchase of FoxPro in and the incorporation of Fox’s Rushmore query optimization routines into Access, Microsoft Access quickly became the dominant database for Windows—effectively eliminating the competition which failed to transition from the MS-DOS world.
Microsoft’s first attempt to sell a relational database product was during the mid s, when Microsoft obtained the license to sell R:Base. After the Omega project was scrapped, some of its developers were assigned to the Cirrus project most were assigned to the team which created Visual Basic.
The project used some of the code from both the Omega project and a pre-release version of Visual Basic. Years after the program was abandoned, they decided to reuse the name here. The product shipped on seven 1. The manual shows a copyright date. As a part of the Microsoft Office 4. The photo of Andrew Fuller, record 2 of that sample database was the individual that presented and worked with Microsoft to provide such an outstanding example database. With Office 95, Microsoft Access 7.
Since then, Microsoft has released new versions of Microsoft Access with each release of Microsoft Office. This includes Access 97 version 8. Versions 3. Formats include Access 1.
The most significant transition was from the Access 97 to the Access format; which is not backward compatible with earlier versions of Access. As of [update] all newer versions of Access support the Access format. New features were added to the Access format which can be used by Access , , , and It supports links to SharePoint lists and complex data types such as multivalue and attachment fields. These new field types are essentially recordsets in fields and allow the storage of multiple values or files in one field.
For the first time, this allowed Access applications to be run without having to install Access on their PC and was the first support of Mac users.
Any user on the SharePoint site with sufficient rights could use the Access Web service. A copy of Access was still required for the developer to create the Access Web service, and the desktop version of Access remained part of Access The Access Web services were not the same as the desktop applications. The data was no longer in an Access database but SharePoint lists. An Access desktop database could link to the SharePoint data, so hybrid applications were possible so that SharePoint users needing basic views and edits could be supported while the more sophisticated, traditional applications could remain in the desktop Access database.
Microsoft Access offers traditional Access desktop applications plus a significantly updated SharePoint web service. Unlike SharePoint lists, this offers true relational database design with referential integrity, scalability, extensibility and performance one would expect from SQL Server.
The Access desktop is similar to Access but several features were discontinued including support for Access Data Projects [ clarification needed ] ADPs , pivot tables, pivot charts, Access data collections, source code control, replication, and other legacy features. In addition to using its own database storage file, Microsoft Access also may be used as the ‘front-end’ of a program while other products act as the ‘back-end’ tables, such as Microsoft SQL Server and non-Microsoft products such as Oracle and Sybase.
NET , or Visual Studio. NET will use the Microsoft Access database format for its tables and queries. Microsoft Access may also be part of a more complex solution, where it may be integrated with other technologies such as Microsoft Excel , Microsoft Outlook , Microsoft Word , Microsoft PowerPoint and ActiveX controls. Access tables support a variety of standard field types, indices , and referential integrity including cascading updates and deletes.
Access also includes a query interface, forms to display and enter data, and reports for printing. The underlying Access database , which contains these objects, is multi-user and handles record-locking.
Repetitive tasks can be automated through macros with point-and-click options. It is also easy to place a database on a network and have multiple users share and update data without overwriting each other’s work.
Data is locked at the record level which is significantly different from Excel which locks the entire spreadsheet. There are template databases within the program and for download from Microsoft’s website. These options are available upon starting Access and allow users to enhance a database with predefined tables, queries , forms, reports, and macros.
Power users and developers can extend basic end-user solutions to a professional solution with advanced automation, data validation , error trapping , and multi-user support. The number of simultaneous users that can be supported depends on the amount of data, the tasks being performed, level of use, and application design. Generally accepted limits are solutions with 1 GB or less of data Access supports up to 2 GB and it performs quite well with or fewer simultaneous connections concurrent users are supported.
If using an Access database solution in a multi-user scenario, the application should be “split”. This means that the tables are in one file called the back end typically stored on a shared network folder and the application components forms, reports, queries, code, macros, linked tables are in another file called the front end. The linked tables in the front end point to the back end file.
Each user of the Access application would then receive his or her own copy of the front end file. Applications that run complex queries or analysis across large datasets would naturally require greater bandwidth and memory.
Microsoft Access is designed to scale to support more data and users by linking to multiple Access databases or using a back-end database like Microsoft SQL Server. With the latter design, the amount of data and users can scale to enterprise-level solutions. Microsoft Access’s role in web development prior to version is limited. User interface features of Access, such as forms and reports, only work in Windows. In versions through an Access object type called Data Access Pages created publishable web pages.
Data Access Pages are no longer supported. The data i. Access allows databases to be published to SharePoint web sites running Access Services. These web-based forms and reports run in any modern web browser. The resulting web forms and reports, when accessed via a web browser, don’t require any add-ins or extensions e. Access can create web applications directly in SharePoint sites running Access Services.
Access web solutions store its data in an underlying SQL Server database which is much more scalable and robust than the Access version which used SharePoint lists to store its data. Access Services in SharePoint has since been retired. A compiled version of an Access database file extensions. ADE; ACCDE only works with Access or later can be created to prevent users from accessing the design surfaces to modify module code, forms, and reports.
Both the. MDE and. ADE versions of an Access database are used when end-user modifications are not allowed or when the application’s source code should be kept confidential. Microsoft also offers developer extensions for download to help distribute Access applications, create database templates, and integrate source code control with Microsoft Visual SourceSafe.
Users can create tables, queries, forms and reports, and connect them together with macros. Advanced users can use VBA to write rich solutions with advanced data manipulation and user control. Access also has report creation features that can work with any data source that Access can access. The original concept of Access was for end users to be able to access data from any source.
It also has the ability to link to data in its existing location and use it for viewing, querying, editing, and reporting. This allows the existing data to change while ensuring that Access uses the latest data. It can perform heterogeneous joins between data sets stored across different platforms. Access is often used by people downloading data from enterprise level databases for manipulation, analysis, and reporting locally. This makes it very convenient to distribute the entire application to another user, who can run it in disconnected environments.
One of the benefits of Access from a programmer’s perspective is its relative compatibility with SQL structured query language —queries can be viewed graphically or edited as SQL statements, and SQL statements can be used directly in Macros and VBA Modules to manipulate Access tables.
Users can mix and use both VBA and “Macros” for programming forms and logic and offers object-oriented possibilities. VBA can also be included in queries. Microsoft Access offers parameterized queries.
These queries and Access tables can be referenced from other programs like VB6 and. Microsoft Access is a file server -based database. Unlike client—server relational database management systems RDBMS , Microsoft Access does not implement database triggers , stored procedures , or transaction logging.
Access includes table-level triggers and stored procedures built into the ACE data engine. Thus a Client-server database system is not a requirement for using stored procedures or table triggers with Access Tables, queries, forms, reports and macros can now be developed specifically for web based applications in Access Integration with Microsoft SharePoint is also highly improved.
The edition of Microsoft Access introduced a mostly flat design and the ability to install apps from the Office Store, but it did not introduce new features. The theme was partially updated again for , but no dark theme was created for Access. NET web forms can query a Microsoft Access database, retrieve records and display them on the browser.
SharePoint Server via Access Services allows for Access databases to be published to SharePoint, thus enabling multiple users to interact with the database application from any standards-compliant Web browser. Access Web databases published to SharePoint Server can use standard objects such as tables, queries, forms, macros, and reports. Access Services stores those objects in SharePoint.
– Microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free
Microsoft Access offers the functionality of a database and the programming capabilities to create easy microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free navigate screens forms. It helps you analyze large amounts of information, microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free manage data efficiently. Now in this Microsoft Access tutorial, we will learn about some important terms and basic objects in MS Access:.
It is a file which stores the entire database. The database file is saved to your hard drive accexs other storage devices. Datatypes are the properties of each field. Every field зашел coreldraw x6 graphics suite se special edition free download ценная one datatype report text, number, date, etc. Macros are mini computer programming microsovt. They allow you to set up commands and processes in your forms, like, searching, moving to another record, or running a formula.
Microsoft Access and Excel are very similar yet very different. Here, are some important difference points between microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free of them.
Note: Quwries assume you have the latest Microsoft Access installed which comes bundled with Microsoft Office package. You will find the list micrksoft installed programs. Before we create a Database, lets quickly understand the holistic picture of what Database is, with particular reference to MS Access. Result : The below window will appear. All the Database templates are displayed below. Step 2 We can select any template by clicking on it.
Click on Contact Template for further reverence. Step 6 Optionally, you can click on any of the objects from left navigation pane and open that object for further references and work. For, E. The first step in this Microsoft Microsoft office access 2007 forms reports and queries pdf free tutorial to store data in the database is creating a Table where data will iffice. Post creation of the table, we officf keep inserting the rows in the table. Step 1 First Click Create tab. Then from Tables group, click Table.
Step 2 Table Dialog box appears. And Click on the View you need to display. Steps 2 Select the Datasheet view option in the ribbon and add some data by entering the values in It. Updated Data will be Autosaved. Step 3 Select the row by clicking on the leftmost column and Right Click on the row. Step 4 Popup Window will appear to confirm the deletion of the record.
Displays the view, which allows you to enter fields, data types, and descriptions into your database table. To understand form lets first create two new Record in Contact Table from the prebuilt Contact Database discussed here. This option allows the user to create the form with the wizard and select the column from the available list of column form in legacy Select window format.
Pdc 5 Layout selection box will appear which allows the user to select the different type of ahd layout. It is another type wherein All the records already created will be displayed in Form with an option to Add new record. It is a mix of acecss form and split form in a way that this form provides the view of Form and datasheet in a split window. Whatever the user enters in Form is visible directly in Datasheet view immediately and vice versa. Step 3 Manually fill the pffice from Form.
Note that in split form all data will be automatically reflected in below data sheet as well. Skip to content. What is Microsoft Access? What Windows 10 free antivirus comparison free download Will Learn. Report a Bug. Previous Prev. Next Continue. Home Testing Expand child menu Expand.
SAP Expand child menu Expand. Web Expand child menu Expand. Must Learn Expand child menu Expand. Big Data Expand child menu Expand. Live Project Expand child menu Expand. AI Expand child menu Expand. Toggle Menu Close. Search for: Search. Assign a unique number or assigned by Microsoft Access when any 0207 record is created. Usually used as the primary key.